液压系统被应用于各行各业有了液压系统的存在，可以说是进一步促进了自动化设备的发展，但是目前液压系统也存在一些缺点，需要进一步的改善方法，于是今天小编就跟大家介绍一下液压系统当前存在的三大缺点以及相应的解决方法。
Hydraulic systems are widely used in various industries and have greatly boosted the development of automated equipment. Nevertheless, they still have several drawbacks that need to be addressed. This article introduces three major disadvantages of hydraulic systems and corresponding solutions.
由于液压系统的传力介质是液压油，在其流动的过程之中，在设备各个部位的流速存在不同，导致在液体内部有一定的内摩擦，这时候液体和管路内壁也存在摩擦，这些都导致了液压油的温度升高。液压油温度升高将会导致内外泄漏变大，降低设备的机械效率，同时又因为温度较高，液压油也会出现膨胀，导致其压缩性增大，使得设备的控制动作没有办法很好的传达面对液压系统温度升高是无法根除的，只能尽量的将这种现象减轻，所以我们可以使用一些质量比较好的液压油，在布置液压管路的过程中避开弯头的部位，使用质量好的管路，液压阀，管接头等等都能够减轻这种发热现象。
Since hydraulic oil acts as the force-transmitting medium of hydraulic systems, the flow velocity varies at different parts of the equipment during operation. This causes internal friction within the fluid, as well as friction between the fluid and pipe inner walls, which raises the temperature of hydraulic oil.
Rising oil temperature will increase internal and external leakage and reduce the mechanical efficiency of equipment. Meanwhile, high temperature leads to thermal expansion of hydraulic oil and higher compressibility, resulting in inaccurate control actions.
Temperature rise cannot be completely eliminated but can be effectively mitigated. Measures include adopting high-grade hydraulic oil, minimizing pipe bends in pipeline layout, and using high-quality pipes, hydraulic valves and pipe fittings to reduce heat generation.
除了发热现象之外，液压系统也会存在振动，这是因为液压油在管路之中发生高速流动从而产生冲击，导致控制阀在开关的过程中产生冲击，这些都是导致液压系统出现振动的主要原因，强烈的震动会出现错误，也会使得液压系统中一些精密的设备发生错误，导致系统发生故障。针对以上这些现象，我们要将液压管路尽量的固定，避免出现急弯或者是频繁改变液流的方向，虽然无法避免，但是可以利用一些措施来减轻震动，整个液压系统应当有一个良好的减振措施，并且避开外来振源对系统的影响。
Besides heat generation, hydraulic systems are also subject to vibration. High-speed flow of hydraulic oil in pipelines and impacts generated during the opening and closing of control valves are the main causes of vibration. Severe vibration may trigger malfunctions and affect precision components, leading to system failures.
To tackle this issue, firmly fix hydraulic pipelines and avoid sharp bends and frequent flow direction changes. Although vibration cannot be eliminated entirely, it can be alleviated with proper damping measures. The system shall be well equipped with vibration reduction devices and kept away from external vibration sources.
液压系统的泄漏分为内泄漏和外泄漏。内泄漏指泄漏过程发生在系统内部，例如液压缸活塞两边的泄漏、控制阀阀芯与阀体之间的泄漏等。内泄漏虽然不会产生液压油的损失，但是由于发生泄漏，既定的控制动作可能会受到影响，直至引起系统故障。外泄漏是指发生在系统和外部环境之间的泄漏。液压油直接泄漏到环境中，除了会影响系统的工作环境外，还会导致系统压力不够引发故障。泄漏到环境中的液压油还有发生火灾的危险。解决办法：采用质量较好的密封件，提高设备的加工精度。
Leakage in hydraulic systems falls into two categories: internal leakage and external leakage. Internal leakage occurs inside the system, such as leakage across the piston of hydraulic cylinders and between spools and valve bodies of control valves. It does not cause oil loss, but may interfere with preset control actions and even result in system failures.
External leakage takes place between the system and the external environment. Hydraulic oil leaking out will contaminate the working environment, cause insufficient system pressure and trigger faults. Moreover, spilled hydraulic oil poses a fire hazard.
Solutions: Use high-quality sealing elements and improve machining accuracy of equipment.
